Coloration of textile materials



Patented Feb. 28,1939

UNITED, STATES PATENT OFFICE" comrm'rron or 'rax'rnn MATERIALS George W. Seymour, Cumberland, Md., asslgnor to Celanese Corporation of America, a corpora tion of Delaware No Drawing.

- This invention relates to improvements in the treatment of textile and other materials and more especially to the treatment-of textile materials containing an organic derivative of cellu- 5 lose to render colorations thereon faster .to

fading. J

An object of this invention is the economic and expeditious'production of improved dyed textile and other materials containing an organic derivative of cellulose. Anotherobject of this in-v vention is the treatment either before, during or after dyeing of a fabric containing an organic derivative of cellulose in such a manner as to render the fabric faster to light, acid and per-- spiration fading. A'still further-object of this invention is the production of compounds which when added to an organic derivative of cellulose render the same, when dyed, faster to light, acid and perspiration fading. Other objects of the invention will appear from the following detailed description. I

It has been found that many dyed textile materials that contain an organic derivative of cellulose are subject to light and acid fading accompanied by the development of less stable materials, that is, the filaments or fibers of the yarn become weaker, have a lower melting point, and a lower viscosity when dissolved in a solvent. Many expedlents have been used to correct this undesirable property, such as physical and/or 40 are dyed with certain anthraquinone' dyes, is accompanied by a change, inathe color of the lira-- terial. I have now found that if the textile materials are treated with a morpholine compound not only the stability of the organic derivative of cellulose is greatly improved but also the fast I ness of color of the dyed materials is enhanced. These improvements are. obtained whether the color is imparted thereto byanthraquinone dyes or other types of dyes. In accordance with this invention, fabrics or other materials such as filaments, yarns, fibers,

' films, foils, etc., containing an organic derivative P of cellulose are treated witha derivative of morf pholine such as phnylene-dimbrpholine, phenvl. morpholine, phenyl aminojmorpholine and para- Application September 29, 1937, Serial No. 166,328

9 Claims. tors-61) morphollnes.

derivatives ,of cellulose. However, fabrics of fabrics, it may in an obvious manner be applied during any winding operation. The filaments,

.prlor to its being formed into fibers or filaments,

be formed from a solution oi the organic derivahydroxy phenyl morpholine. For the purpose of describing this invention and in the claims such compounds are referred to broadly as 'phenyl This treatment is given the material to effect a stability of the organic deriva-' 5 tive of cellulose present and to improve the fastness of colors imparted thereto by dyestuffs. The treatment is preferably given the material during a dyeing operation, but may also be given as a separate operation or in connection with any 10 other operation either before or after the dyeing operation.

The fabrics that most particularly lend themselves to this invention are those formed substantially wholly offilaments or fibers of organic l5 mixed yarns containing both filaments or fibers of organic derivatives of cellulose and other filaments or fibers, such as silk, cotton, wool, etc., may be treated and also fabrics made wholly of 20 materials other than an organic derivative of cellulose. The organic derivative of cellulose may be an organic ester of cellulose or a cellulose ether or a mixed ether or ester of cellulose. Examples of the organic esters of cellulose are cellulose 25 acetate, cellulose formate, cellulose proprionate and cellulose butyrate, while examples of the cellulose ethers are ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose.

The fabric to be treated may be formed by 30 weaving, warp-knitting, circular-knitting, knotting or-netting of yarns of any degree of twist. Although this invention is primarily applicable to to yarns, straws, mcnofils, films, foils, etc. in 35 packages such as hanks, spools, bags or rolls, or

fibers or yarns of organic derivatives of cellulose may contain, besides the cellulose derivatives, effect materials such as pigments, filling materials, 40 dyes or lakes, fire retardants, plasticizers and lubricants. The reagents necessary to produce the desired properties obtained through the use of the eifect materials are known to one practicing the art. This invention is of particular im- 45 portance in connection with organic derivatives of cellulose materials that contain metal oxide pigments such as titanium oxide or zinc oxide.

The organic derivative of cellulose base mate-' rial may be made by any suitable method and, 5

it may be treated with water or steam, with or without pressure, or given other types of stabilizing treatments. The fibers or filaments may or derivatives thereof formed by a substitution oi one or more of the hydrogens. Examples oi morpholine compounds and their ascribed for mulas are:

' Phenylene dimcrphcline 132 E2 132 gr 0 N- -'c,n -n \C C/ \C C/ Ha a Ha Ha Phenylamino morpholine Fhenyl morpholine These morpholine compounds may be produced by refluxing B=B dichloroethyl'ether, an amine and sodium or potassium hydroxide, say about 40% strength, for about 3 to 6jhours. The product may be washed with alcohol and purified" by recrystallizlng from benzene. For instance, phenylene dimorpholine may be formed by refiuxinz B=B dichloroethyl ether, p-phenylene diamine and potassium hydroxide, while phenylamino morpholine may be iormedirom B=B dichloroethyl ether and phenyl hydrazine, and phenyl morpholine may be formed from 3:3 dichloroethyl ether and aniline.

Solutions, emulsions and dispersions of the morpholine compounds of a strength suitable for application to the textile or other material may be directly prepared. Ti desired, however, the compounds may first be brought into the form of solid, powder, paste, liquid or other more or less concentrated preparations, capable of yielding, by dilution with water, soap solution or other liquid, treating baths containing the morpholine compounds in. suitably distributed form and in suit-=- able concentration. Pastas and powders containing the morpholine compound'may be formed by grinding or mixing said compound with dispersing agents and/or protective colloids with or without water, Where the morpholine compound is to be applied to textile materials in connection with a dyeing operation it may be ground or anaemia mixed with the dye, dispersing agents and detergents. The morpholine compound may be mixed into the commercial dye pastes and powders whereby upon adding these to water to form a dye bath there is also formed the morpholine compound treating bath. The morpholine com-1 pound may also be added to printing pastes or powdered dyes to be used in printing pastes. Compositions of matter containing the morpholine compound together with dyestuffs and particularly dyestufis of the anthraquinone series containing free amino or alkyl amino groups also form part of the present invention. These com positions of matter maybe of a type to be'apphed directly for thecoloration ct materials in fast shades as in printing or of a type to be dfdnted with or dispersed in water for the coloration of materials in fast shades as in dyeing.

A further method of treating textile or other materials with the morpholine compound is to add the said compound to lubricants, sizes, etc.,. and apply it to the materials during a m'nding operation by means oi wicks, rollers or other furnishing devices. For instance, a lubricant dressing containing a small amount of a morpholine compound and sulphonated olive or peanut oil, with or without mineral oil, vegetable oil, and/or animal oil, may be applied to a cellulose acetate yarn as it leaves the spinning cabinet in which it is formed. The amount of morpholine compound employed should be suflicient so that there is applied to the yarn. from 0.01 to 3% based on the weight of the yarn. Also, in treating artificial yarns or filaments the morpholine compound may be added to the spinning solution from which they are formed. A still further method oitreating the textile materials with the morpholine compound is by means of abath containing said compound after the dyeing and securing operation.

The amount of morpholine compound employed is preferably from 1v to 3% based upon the weight of the material to be treated although lesser or greater amounts may-be employed. In operations wherein the morpholine compound is applied to the material with lubricants, sizes, etc., by means of furnishing devices 811011585 wicks, rollers,

slashers, padding mangles, etc., it may be neces-' sary to continually add to the treating composition an additional amount of the morpholine compound sothat the material being treated acquiresa uniform amountthe same.-

When the morpholine compound is applied in.

the form of a bath to dyed textile materials the bath may also contain from 0.05to 0.3 gram per litre of lime or other oxide, hydroxide or carbon-.

ate of an earth-alkali metal.

As illustrations of. this invention and not as limitations, the following examples are given:

Example I taining an anthraquinone dyestufi having an amnity ior cellulose acetate and 2% 'on the weight of the textile material of phenylene di morpholine. The material after beingdyed to the desired shade is separated from the dye bath,

rinsed, scoured in a soap solution and again rinsed. The material is then dried in the" customary manner. The textile materialis found to be greatly improved in stability insofar as any the fastness to light and acid fading of the imparted thereto.

color Example 11 To a cellulose acetate yarn, as it leaves the spinning cabinet in which it was formed and while it still contains some residual solvent, is applied by means of a furnishing roller a lubricating dressing containing sulphonated olive oil, oxidized olive oil, mineral oil and phenylene dimorpholine. 'Ifhe lubricant dressing contains about 5% of the morpholine compound and about a 2% by weight dressing is applied. The yarn is hanked and dyed with an anthraquinone dyestufi. The yarn after scouring and drying is found to be greatly improved in stability of both the yarn and color imparted thereto than a blank run from the same chargeof cellulose acetate,

Example III The same'procedure is followed as in Example I except that the final rinse after dyeing contains about 1 gram per litre of calcium hydroxide. It is to be understood that the foregoing specification is given as a description and that many modifications may-be made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is: o

1. Process for producing fast colorations on textile materials having a basis ofyorganic derive ativcs of cellulose, which comprises incorporating a substantially colorless phenyl morpholine in the I materials and dyeing the materials with an anthraquinone dyestuffwhich has aflinity for the materials and which contains a substituent radicle selected from the group consisting of the unsubstituted amino and alkylamino radicles.

2. Process for producing fast colorations on textile materials having a basis of cellulose acetate, which comprises incorporating phenylene dimorpholine in the materials and dyeing the materials with an anthraquinone dyestufi which has afilnity for the materials and which contains a substituent radiclevselected from the group conslstingof the unsubstituted amino and alkylamino radicles.

3. v Process for producing fast colorations on textile materials havinga basis of cellulose acetate, which comprises incorporating phenylamino morpholine in the materials and-dyeing the materials with an anthraquinone dyestufi whichhas amnity for the materials and which contains a substituent radicle selected fromthe group consisting of the unsubstituted amino and alkylamino radicles. i

4. Process for producing fast colorations on textile materials having a basis of cellulose acetate, which comprises incorporating in the materials up to 3% of their weight of a substantially colorless phenyl morpholine and dyeing the materials with an anthraquinone dyestuff which has afiinity for the materials and which contains a substituent radicle selected from the group consisting of the unsubstituted amino and alkylamino radicles. Y

5. Textile materials which have a basis of cellulose acetate and which contain a substantially colorless phenyl morpholine, dyed with an anthraquinone dyestufi which has afllnity for cellulose acetate materials and which contains a substitutent radicle selected from the group consisting of the unsubstituted amino and alkylamino radicles.

6. Textile materials which have a basis of cellulose acetate and which contain phenylene dimorpholine, dyed with an anthraquinone dyestuff which has afiinity for cellulose acetate materials and which contains a substituentradicle selected from the group consisting of the unsubstituted amino and alkylamino radicles.

'7. Textile materials'which have a basis of cellulose acetate and which contain phenylamino morpholine, 'dyed with an anthraquinone dyestuff which has aflinity for cellulose acetate materials and which contains a substituent radicle selected from the group consisting of the unsubstituted amino and alkylamino radicles.

8. Textile materials which havea basis of cellulose acetateand which contain up to 3% of their weight of 'a substantially colorless phenyl GEORGE -w. smooa. 

